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A 19-inch rack is a modular system for mounting electronic equipment that complies with the DIN 41494 standard. The system consists of plug-in printed circuit boards (PCBs), PCB mounts (sub-racks) and 19-inch cabinets, all of which are designed to be compatible and to be combined with one another in different ways.

If you want to provide a battery buffer for a 24 V system, you generally use two conventional 12 V batteries connected in series. The batteries must be paired and must have the same state of charge and ageing. If this is not the case, one battery may be overcharged or damaged or may age prematurely. The PULS single-battery concept simplifies this process and extends the useful life of the batteries.

The 3D data are the three-dimensional mechanical designs of the power supplies and devices in electronic form.

Leakage current is also known as stray current or touch current. It is important to limit leakage current in order to protect users from dangerous touch voltage and prevent faults from occurring in the system.

PULS devices can be used without restrictions up to a height of 2000 metres above mean sea level. Above an altitude of 2000 metres, the output power must be derated, because the air pressure falls as the altitude increases. This means that the air becomes less dense, which also reduces the cooling effect of the convection air flow in the power supply.

Ripple and noise voltage is the alternating current voltage superimposed on the output voltage. In the case of a switched-mode power supply, this is specified in mVpp (millivolts peak-to- peak).

A 1-phase power supply with an auto-select or auto-range input detects the input voltage and automatically selects the correct input voltage range.

AWG (American wire gauge) describes the diameter and cross section of wires. The AWG system is mainly used in North America.

Before delivery, PULS subjects every power supply to an endurance test at an increased ambient temperature as part of the manufacturing process. This is known as a burn-in test. The burn-in test is carried out for quality assurance purposes.

A burst is an electrical fast transient (e.g. on the mains power line).

The chassis ground is a connection in a power supply that can be connected to a metal housing with an earthing conductor system or to the machine ground.

The crest factor is the ratio of the peak value to the effective value of a parameter. A sinusoidal (sine-wave-shaped) alternating current voltage with an effective value of 230 V and a peak value of 325 V has a crest factor of 1.41.

Daisy chaining is a wiring scheme where several power supplies are connected in sequence. It is used to achieve a higher total current.

Derating is the reduction of the maximum output power, depending on the environmental conditions. It is a recommended protective measure for power supplies. It protects them from excessively high temperatures and prevents system failures.

DeviceNet is an open sensor/actuator bus system used throughout the world. The field bus is supplied with power via two wires of a multi-conductor cable.

A DIN rail is a 35-mm mounting rail which is also known as a top hat rail.

Electrochemical double layer capacitors or EDLCs are also known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors.

An input inrush current is a current surge at the input of a power supply that occurs when the input capacitors are charged after the input voltage is applied. The inrush current must be kept to a minimum.

The adjustment range generally refers to the guaranteed trim range of the output voltage.

Electrostatic discharge or ESD is a spark or discharge resulting from a large potential difference in an electrically insulating material that causes a high and very brief electric current pulse. Power supplies have to comply with the minimum ESD requirements specified in EN 61000-6-2.